Law Practice Management

The principle of specificity is a basic feature of American-style collective bargaining. According to the principle of specificity, the exclusive representative of all employees, union representatives (unique) was elected by a majority of employees in the company. The idea is an expression of democratic principle of majority. Designated all its employees in matters of principle agent deal with the majority of his employer, "wages, hours and other conditions of employment." In theory, changes in working conditions without consulting organizations are prohibited by employers. It also prohibits employers deter individuals or with groups of employees to prevent the delegate.

Collective bargaining. The second basic principle of free collective bargaining, the NLRA. Law leaves the decision to organize all of the employees. NLRA, once you choose a representative of bargaining power to negotiate in good faith requires employers with employee representatives. Is the result of the negotiation process, however, only the parties themselves, free from government interference or influence on the left. If the parties can not agree, the law left to market forces, strikes, lockouts and the use of economic power through other means as the determination to the parties better than a system of private law to relationship.Collective improve conditions for business to understand. In the words of U.S. Supreme Court, a collective agreement "is more than a contract, but a common code."

The code through which it may be employer-employee relationship "to an effort to create a system of industry self-governance" represents "an agreed standard of law." In recognition of collective rights, the Supreme Court in respect of a legislator is the role of unions in the negotiation process. Not only that employer and union "law" that governs the employment relationship, they also have the responsibility of his government. General, a system of collective agreements to resolve as a result of mediation, a process that is jointly administered by union and employer through resolve disputes or complaints. Arbitration court, which in general almost all the disputes that may arise in connection with employer-employee is responsible for. After this process, courts are hearing the parties fall within the arbitration plan.

Structural autonomy. NLRA collective bargaining collective bargaining representative of employees of the structural independence adopted by the third principle of the system. This principle is inherent to the system of collective bargaining. Employee free choice and to ensure the freedom of self-organization, is required by law, Workers (Union) is the only representative of the representatives of employees and that these representatives are completely independent of the organization.§ (a) of the Act (2) 8 prohibits an employer "to dominate the formation or administration of labor organization to interfere with or provide financial or other assistance." Work broadly, "any organization of any kind or an authority or committee who represent workers as a" labor organization "are defined or employees who participate in the planning and purpose are part of the deal, employers, labor disputes, wages, wage rates, working hours or working conditions to complain about. "

NLRA in 1935 version of the law, often referred to as Wagner Act, after its main sponsor, Senator Robert Wagner of New York's. Most of the congressional debate on the Wagner Act, § (a) 8 (2) refer to was the language of the definition of a labor organization. Adoption of the NLRA in the first years, many large companies and unions appeared to grow.They are semi-autonomous teams, boards and unions, "management-sponsored version of the management decisions, including employee representatives, came up with a variety of alternative worker participation. As a participant in the debate on the one hand very different negotiating groups the model, workers self-organized associations and organized on the other hand, or employer-sponsored system of representation with a clear alternative to the Wagner Act of Congress understand.